Assigment of project managment "A brief overview of Gwadar deapsea port project"

Gwadar is located in the southwestern coast of Pakistan, on the Arabian Sea. It is strategically located between three important regions like oil-rich Middle East, South Asia and the Central Asia. The Gwadar Port was built by assistance of China. Opening cermoney was done in spring 2007 by the Pakistani president Pervez Musharraf, in the presence of Chinese Communications Minister Li Shenglin. It became operational in March 15, 2008 with the first ship bringing 52000 tonnes of wheat from Canada. It was the largest ship to anchor in Pakistan.Minister of Ports and Shipping Sardar Nabil Ahmed Khan Gabol officially inaugurated the port on 21 December 2008.
It is expected that Gwadar Port will generate billions of dollars and will create at least two million jobs.The main investors in the project are Pakistani Government and People's Republic of China.
History:
Gwadar is believed to have been conquered by the founder of the Persian empire, Cyrus the Great. The admiral of Alexander the Great, Nearchus, led a fleet along the Makran coast and recorded that this area was dry, mountainous, and its inhabiters are "fish eaters".
Then Muhammad bin Qasim captured the town of Gwadar in 711 CE and controled by various rulers, including the Mughals. In 1783, the Khan of Kalat granted suzerainty over Gwadar to Taimur Sultan, the defeated ruler of Muscat. When the sultan retook Muscat, he continued his rule in Gwadar by appointing his representative.
Upto1958 Gwadar was part of Oman but was provided to Pakistan on 8 September 1958.But effectively Gwadar was sold to Pakistan 8 December 1958. It was integrated within the Balochistan (Pakistan) on 1 July 1977 and became a full sub-division of the Gwadar District.The money for the purchase was gathered through taxation and donations. This project was initiated In 2002, and aims to build industrial complexes here and will connect the town with a modern highway to the whole of Pakistan. At the end of 2004 the first phase had been completed.
Administration:
Gwadar Tehsil is into five Union councils, three of which form Gwadar city, these are give below,
· Central Gwadar · Gwadar Southern · Gwadar Northern
Climate:
The climate of Gwadar is dry arid hot. The ocean influence keeps its temperature lower than that of the interior in summer and higher in winter. The mean temperature in June remains between 31°C and 32°. The mean temperature in January varies from 18°C to 19°C. The uniformity of temperature is a unique characteristic of the coastal region in Balochistan. In Gwadar, winter is shorter than summer. Annual rainfall is only 100mm.
Culture:
Gwadar's location and history have given it a unique cultures. On Gwadar Arabic influence is strong as a result of Omani era and the close proximity of other Arab-majority regions. Gawadar also has a religious diversity in the form of Sunni and Zikri Muslims, but also has Christians, Hindus, Parsis, and other minorities like as the Ahmadies.
Transport:
The transport facilities in Gwadar are as,
Due to construction of Gwadar, other projects also initiated like 700 km Makran Coastal Highway which is now complete. The road links Karachi with the Ormara, Pasni, Gwadar and will be extended to the Iranian border in the future. The highway has reduced distance to Karachi from 48 hours to only 7 hours. The Gwadar-Quetta-Chaman road which will be completed in 2006.
The Civil Aviation Authority of Pakistan has acquired 3000 acres land for Gwadar International Airport which is likely to cost between $200–250 million. This new airport will have international status and operate under the open sky policy.
The government also focused to build the Havelian-Kashghar (China) and Quetta-Kandahar (Afghanistan) railway tracks. In 2006, Ministry of Railways planned that Gwadar will be connected to Pakistan Railways network at a cost of Rs. 75-billion.
Geopolitical importance:
Gwadar has increased Pakistan's importance in the whole region. It is located on the southwestern coast of Pakistan, close to the important Straits of Hormuz, through which more than 13 million bpd of oil passes. strategically it is located between three important regions of the world like oil-rich Middle East, South Asia and the resource-rich Central Asia.
Gwadar deep-sea port is connected with the rest of Pakistan through a network of roads, such as the 650 km Coastal Highway to Karachi and the Gwadar-Turbat road (188 km). Pakistan, China, Kazakhistan, Kyrgizstan and Uzbekistan are developing extensive road and rail links from Central Asia and the Chinese province of Xinjiang to the Arabian Sea coast.
Gwadar allow natural gas pipeline through Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan. It will acts as a port of entry for oil and gas to be transported by land to the western regions of China. By extending its East-West Railway from the Chinese border city of Kashi to Peshawar in Pakistan's northwest, Beijing can receive cargo to and from Gwadar along the shortest route, from Karachi to Peshawar.
Economic:
The Economy of Gwadar is based on Fishing Industry as it is located on the 600 Kilometers coastline, other main business in Gwadar is Livestock. In fish products Gwadar exports Arabian sea Fish, Shrimps, Crabs, and lobsters. Many foreign and local developers are buying lands in Gwadar and constructing Housing Societies, and Hotels.The government declared EPZ Zone 10 Years Tax Free Area..in 2009 in order to bring investment in Gwadar.
Development Projects:
Oman
Oman has offered $100 million aid for the development of social and infrastructure facilities in Balochistan. Out of $100 million, Oman also provided $7 million for extention of runway at Gwadar Airport, upgradation of Gwadar Hospital, provision of 100 engines to fishermen and construction of power house. Pakistan and Oman have signed a number of agreements including Avoidance of Double Taxation, Cultural, Technical and Educational Cooperation, Agreement on cooperation between Oman Chamber of Commerce and Industry and FPCCI.
Pakistan
Pakistan through roads linking Gwadar with Karachi and the north to enable the Central Asian States to use Gwadar as a port for their trade. Local fishermen are being given motor engine to run boats. The local hospital is also being upgraded. The Quetta Electric Supply Company (QESCO) has geared up the work for building the power transmission line. Recently Iran is providing 300 MW of electricity to Makran Area.
Airport
Gwadar has a big airport for commercial aircraft. it is needed to expand the airport and enlarge its runway to facilitate the landing of wide body aircraft. In addition to 2.3 million dollars utilized from Omani grant, the Pakistan government and the Civil Aviation Authority are also contributing additional Rs563.35 million for this purpose.
Dry Port
A dry port in the Sino-Pakistani border town of Sust, 200 km north of Gilgit, was constructed in 2004 at a cost of Rs 90 million. Soon, President Musharraf announced that the state of the art facility would be linked to Gwadar via the Karakoram Highway. This provides parts of China with the shortest access to Pakistani deep sea ports, and the Middle East. Recently this project is in papers only.
Rice zone
Rice Exporters Association of Pakistan (REAP) has decided to establish a rice zone in Gwadar to gain the opportunities in the area after the construction of new port. The establishment of warehouses will provide extraordinary facilities to rice exporters especially for those who export rice to Iran as the Iranian border is only at a distance of three hours from Gwadar.
Trans-Afghan Gas Pipeline
The 1400 km Trans-Afghan Gas Pipeline (TAP) from Turkemenistan to Gwadar, that would pump Turkmen natural gas to markets in South Asia, may finally be poised to begin at a cost of $3 billion. The Government has announced that a massive defense facility will be constructed in the city in order to guarantee the security of the area.
Port Operations:
The management responsibility of Gwadar Port was assigned to singapor company at the end of January 2007. Port of Singapore was the highest bidder for the Gwadar port of the bidding process.The port will now be in competition with that of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates becouse the chairman of DP expressed a strong desire for management of facilities of Gwadar.
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